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religious poetry and songs on the other, have much in common. Still in Javanese-Balinese literature there are some texts dealing ex clusively with ritual and offerings. Appar ently they were much studied by the priests. Moralistic-didactic texts differ from the other in that they appeal to both ecclesiastics and laymen (see 13.000). Establishing the age of Javanese-Balinese treatises on religious subjects is very difficult. Probably several Balinese books of notes contain texts or fragments of texts belonging to Old Javanese literature, written in Java. On the other hand, evidently some Javanese- Balinese religious texts were entirely written in Bali. They contain references to specific Balinese customs and beliefs, perhaps sur vivals of ancient pre-Indian culture. Rem nants of primeval indigenous religious and social concepts can be expected as much in Bali as in Java. Moreover Javanese-Balinese non-Islamic religious texts were also in circulation in Lombok, a colonial kingdom where a class of Balinese nobles and priests ruled over indigenous Muslim Sasaks. In Lombok con tact with Islamic religious traditions was unavoidable. In North Bali also Islam was well known, for a settlement of Muslim traders and artisans of East Javanese, Ma durese and South Celebes origin has been established in Bulèlèt) since the eighteenth century. Javanese-Balinese tuturs showing some Islamic influence are in evidence. Under the present head are listed those Javanese-Balinese tuturs dealing with reli gious speculation (group A) which probably contain many elements of Old Javanese origin. Though references te» Buddhism are found in some of the books of notes, on the

whole the contents are so mixed that it is impossible in this group to make a distinction between Siwaitic and Buddhist tuturs. In the General Index references to Buddhism will be found under the catchword Buddha. 11.010 Javanese-Balinese speculative tuturs, probably of Old Javanese origin, Rwa Bhi- néda texts etc.: cod. 5150, 5187 (= 10.587 = BCB prtf 67), 5224,9186 (Krt 178), 9695 (Krt 1236). 11.020 Swacanda Marana texts, on death, etc.: cod. 5193, 5197,5223, 5241, 5254 (= 10.571 = BCB prtf 66), 9455 (Krt 773), 9501 (Krt 878), CB 114. 11.030 Tuturs on bayu-sabda-idëp etc., Ajhana etc.: cod. 5065, 5113, 5120, 5347 (= 10.450 = BCB prtf 7). 11.040 Tuturs on cosmic order, the gods and the human body: cod. 3929, 5062, 5064, 5177 (= 10.603 = BCB prtf 69), 5179 (= 10.585 = BCB prtf 67), 5184, 5186, 5201, 5221 (= 10.604 = BCB prtf 69), 5222 (= 10.589 = BCB prtf 67), 5226, 5245, 5354. 11.050 Tuturs, miscellanea: cod. 5045, 5086, 5162, 5166 (= 10.583 = BCB prtf 67), 5167 (= 10.584 = BCB prtf 67), 5168 (— 10.467 = BCB prtf 8), 5172, 5265 (Nirmala Jnana), 9869 (Krt 1605, Atma Raksa). 11.060 Kumara Tatwa, tutur: cod. 10.207 (Krt 2256), 10.249 (Krt 2322). 11.200 Tuturs of Balinese origin (still group A, 11.000). The dates of the Kings who ruled over Bali between 1500 and 1900 A.D. are imperfectly known. Probably until about 1650 Kings of Gèlgèl,