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plates were religiously preserved as heir looms, and even worshipped as fetishes in the families of the original grantees, After the community festival and the religious ceremonies of the charters’ inauguration the stones or copper-plates were considered as palladiums of social and cosmic order, and dispensers of fortune to worshippers, for all times to' come (cf. 00130). The Royal Fami ly, the numerous Court officers and the dignitaries of country communities whose names were mentioned in the texts were so to speak immortalized and canonized. They shared in the religious worship and offerings due to the charter. Perhaps the highly prized immortalization was a factor in increasing the number of persons mentioned in the charter texts by name and surname, until it reached up to fifty or more officials and witnesses. Anyway it seems clear that the original purpose of the charters’ authors and makers was not to supply information on history. In fact, considering their relation with ancient .worship, and law, most Old Javanese charters would deserve a place in the First Part of the present Synopsis, where religious texts are discussed, or in Part Four. That they are mentioned under the present head is because of their im portance to present-day students of ancient Javanese history. The largest and most important collection of Old Javanese charters written on copper plates or slabs of stone is in the Museum Pusat (formerly KBG, Royal Batavian Society) at Djakarta. Many of them were collected by Dutch scholars serving on the staff of the Archeological Service. The most important editions (though the older ones are without translations) are: Cohen Stuart,

“Kawi Oorkonden” (Leiden, 1875), Bran- des-Krom, “Oud-Javaansche Oorkonden” (Verh. KBG, vol. 60, 1913), Poerbatjaraka, “Inscripties van Nederlandsch-Indië” (Bata via 1940) and de Casparis, “Prasasti Indo nesia” I, 1950, II, 1956. All known Old Javanese charters are photographed, and of many of them paper rubbings are extant. Both photographs and rubbings are pre served in the archives of the Dinas Purba- kala (Archeological Service) at Djakarta and of the Kern Institute of the University of Leiden. Under the present head no photographs nor rubbings belonging or referring to> the Dinas Purbakala and the Kern Institute col lections are registered. Those collections have their own catalogues (published only in part). The following list refers mainly to original Old Javanese charters (copper plates and one stone slab) preserved in public collections in The Netherlands. 20.010 Old Javanese charter, original cop per-plate, of 878 A.D.: cod. 4998 (edition: Poerbatjaraka). 20.020 Old Javanese charters, rubbings and photographs: cod. 3150 (Cohen Stuart, Kawi Oorkon den no. 23), 5742 (Ethnographical De partment, British Museum). 20.030 Stone slab with Old Javanese in scription, 1449 A.D., Salatiga: cod. REM 1403-1620. 20.040 Old Javanese charters of King Balitui}, original copper-plates, 907 A.D.: cod. AdKIT 856/1 and 2 (VanNaerssen). 20.050 Old Javanese charter, 12 original copper-plates in a brass box, 860 A.D.: cod. REM 401-22.