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and laymen, whereas special religious liter ature was reserved for the clergy. Many religious texts were even scrupulously kept secret, or at least clergymen were recom mended to do so. In the preceding paragraphs Old Javanese and Javanese-Balinese religious literature belonging to the pre-Islamic period has been discussed. After 1500 A.D., roughly speaking, Javanese divines who did not emi grate to Bali turned away from the old religious texts, henceforth devoting their time to the study of Islamic theology, mys ticism and religious law. The old texts sur vived in Bali and in the new environment they developed into Javanese-Balinese reli gious literature. Probably at an early time in the pre- Islamic period Indian moralistic and didac tic texts, both Buddhist and siwaitic, were re-written in Old Javanese. These Old Java nese adaptations of selections from famous Sanskrit compendiums of tales, especially Pancatantra, acquired a great popularity. They were imitated and repeatedly versified in Javanese metres. Unlike the speculative, ritual and devotional Old Javanese texts, these pre-Islamic moralistic tales and maxims partly survived Java’s conversion to Islam in the sixteenth century. In the Islamic period of Javanese literature adaptations and imitations of old moralistic and didactic texts continued to be read. In Javanese- Balinese literature those texts had a special development, growing into a flourishing branch of Belles-Lettres. Javanese and Javanese-Balinese adapta tions and imitations of old moralistic and didactic tales have been registered, as belle- tristic edifying poetry, in 30.275 - 30.310. Their relegation to Part Three, Belles-

Lettres, of the Synopsis seems justified by their poetic character. Using complicated metres and apparently meant ti> be sung, the connection of those Javanese-Balinese Tantri poems with religious devotional and moralistic literature seems slight. In the present Part One, Religion and Ethics, Old Javanese and Javanese-Balinese moralistic and didactic texts of Indian ori gin, or based on Indian models, have been collected (group D, 11.000). On account of the Indian origin a distinction can be made between Buddhist and Siwaitic (or non- Buddhist) texts. In Indian literature Bud dhist Jataka tales are well-known, but in Old Javanese literature the term Jataka is not used. Under the present head some Old Java nese and Javanese-Balinese Buddhist edi fying texts have been registered. On account of their Buddhist character some of them attracted the attention of Dutch scholars. The Kunjara Karna text was edited and translated by professor Kern, the Bubuksa tale was discussed and explained by Dr Rassers. The text of the Kunjara Karna legend probably is not very old. A version in Indian metres has been registered in Part Three, Belles-Lettres (30.113). The Bubuksa text is still younger, it certainly belongs to Javanese-Balinese literature. The Old Javanese poem Sutasoma or Purusada Santa is based on an Indian Bud dhistic edifying tale, or at least connected with such a text. Belonging to the category of Old Javanese belletristic poems written in Indian metres, it has been registered in Part Three (30.130). In the General Index manuscripts con taining relevant texts have been listed under