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OUTLINE MAPS, HISTORICAL

The four maps which are appended to the present volume are intended to be a help for those readers who are unfamilar with the geography of Java and the neighbouring islands in the eighteenth century and before. Of course it will be evident to students of Javanese cultural history that the maps are far from complete. Completeness and a cartographically more satisfactory execution in colours have been made subordinate to offering a clear view of the geographical situation in a simple and convenient manner. The author expresses his sincere thanks to Dr R. Roolvink, of the Indonesian department of Leiden University, the compiler (in cooperation with others) of the “Historical Atlas of the Muslim Peoples” (Djambatan, Amsterdam, 1957), for his valuable advice and assistance in making the plans for the present maps, and to Mr H. Abrahams, of the “Centrale voor Dialect- en Naamkunde” of Nijmegen, for his accuracy in executing them.

60.250 The Java Sea and adjacent islands. This map has been inserted to show the central position occupied by Java, especially by East Java, in the southern part of the Arichipelago. This position made it possible for Javanese culture to expand and to spread, as Pasisir culture, along the coasts of the neighbouring islands (see Outline of Javanese Literature, and The Javanese Language, historically, §§ 00020 and 00030, in Vol. I). The names in the map refer in general to the situation in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The reader who is interested in the geography °f the Archipelago during the centuries before the victory of Islam is referred to the outline maps in the present author’s “Java in the XIVth Century”, vol. V, which are based on some cantos of the panegyric poem Niagara Kërtagama (originally called Désa Warnana).