184

complete text, mostly with interlinear glosses: cod. 3755 (= 4142), 4141, 5036 (not glossed). 30.062 Bhorna Kawya, fragments and selec tions, mostly with interlinear glosses : cod. 2209, 3659 (= 4147), 3760, 4143, 4144, 4145, 4146. 30.065 Arjuna Sahasra Bahu (major kakawin, group A). An unknown twelfth century Kadiri Court poet wrote a poem on the struggle of the epic heroes Ar juna Sahasra Bahu, also called Karta Wirya, and Rama Bhargawa (Parasu Rama, Jama- dagnya). The greater part including the con clusion of the poem are missing in the only available manuscript. Interrelationship of the twelfth century fragmentary Arjuna Sahasra Bahu kakawin and the fourteenth century Arjuna Wijaya by the Majapahit Court poet Tantular (see 30.125) is as yet unproven. 30.066 Arjuna Sahasra Bahu, fragmentary : cod. 4697 (= BCB prtf 23 and 164). 30.070 The Old Javanese H a r i W a 13 s a (major kakawin, group A) has almost the same plot as the Krsnayana (see 30.030): the tale of Krsna carrying off Rukmini. The poet was mpu Panuluh, the same who finished mpu Sëdah’s Bharata Yuddha (see 30.010). His patron was King Jaya Bhaya, who ruled over Kadiri in the middle of the twelfth century. The Krsnayana is older. The Hari Warjsa has been edited, trans lated into Dutch and annotated by Teeuw (Verh. KITLV, vol. 9, 1950), who re marked that the Old Javanese kakawin has only a remote resemblance to the Sanskrit Hari Watjsa. The Indian poem surpasses

the Javanese by far in richness of contents. 30.071 Hari Watjsa, complete or nearly complete text: cod. 2213, 4236. 30.072 Hari Watjsa, fragments : cod. 4237. 30.080 The Ghatotkacasraya (major kakawin, group A) is also' called Ghatotkaca sarana. It contains the tale of Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu wooing his cousin Siti Sundari, Krsna’s daughter. They have the help of Ghatotkaca, Bhlma’s son, against Baladéwa, Krsna’s brother, who tries to prevent the marriage. The kakawin is believed to 1 be a product of the fertile mind of mpu Panuluh, probably written in his old age at the twelfth century Kadiri Court. A remarkable feature of the Ghatotka casraya is the appearance of panakawans, astute servants, mentors of the young hero Abhimanyu, in the tale. The late twelfth century kakawin of mpu Panuluh seems to be the first Javanese literary work, as far as known, which puts panakawan-Xdse. person ages of the Sernar type on the stage. Since that time the clownish old servants are seldom absent from any Javanese narrative. Their appearance is a hall-mark of Javanese authorship; they even were introduced into tales of foreign origin, like the Ménak Amir Hamza romances. In Javanese narratives and plays the panakawans represent the humorous aspect of things. In several cases their humour seems mere playful roguishness and ridicu lous puerility to modern readers and spec tators. Yet in some Javanese texts pana kawans are made to utter sentences which are expressions of a sublime sense of hu-