{
    "@context": "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json",
    "@id": "https://digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl/iiif_manifest/item:1951422/manifest",
    "@type": "sc:Manifest",
    "label": "Notebooks of Ademar of Chabannes, VLO 15",
    "logo": "https://iiifviewer.universiteitleiden.nl/logo/",
    "metadata": [
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Notebooks of Ademar of Chabannes, VLO 15"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Liber manualis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Historia Langobardorum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Sententiae septem sapientium"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Aenigmata"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De laboribus Herculis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Carmen de ponderibus"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Periegesis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Accessus ad Donatum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Ars Minor"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Sermons"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Sermones"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Martyrologium poeticum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Conflictus veris et hiemis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Epitaphs"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De Est et non"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De incarnatione domini"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Psychomachia"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Commentary on Apocalypse"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Cantica Canticorum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Epigrammata ex sententiis S. Augustini"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Carmen ad uxorem"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De praeexercitatio rhetoricis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De figuris numerorum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Nomenclator universalis"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De scholis artium in Gallia"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "De metris et enigmatibus ac pedum"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Astronomica"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Naturalis historia"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Kalendarium"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Sententiae"
        },
        {
            "label": "Title",
            "value": "Propositiones ad acuendos juvenes"
        },
        {
            "label": "Author/creator",
            "value": [
                "Adémar (988-1034)",
                "Alcuin (735-804)",
                "Alcuin of York",
                "Adémar (988-1034)",
                "Aldhelm (640?-709)",
                "Aratus",
                "Augustine (354-430)",
                "Ausonius, Decimus Magnus.",
                "Avianus.",
                "Bede",
                "Bede (673-735)",
                "Cassiodorus (approximately 487-approximately 580)",
                "Cato, Pseudo-",
                "Donatus, Aelius.",
                "Flavianus, Remmius.",
                "Gauzbertus",
                "Hilary of Poitiers",
                "Hyginus, C. Julius.",
                "Isidore (-636)",
                "Bernardus Iterii (1163-1225)",
                "Odo (approximately 879-942)",
                "Paul (approximately 720-799?)",
                "Paulinus",
                "Phaedrus.",
                "Porfyrius, P. Optatianus (active 325)",
                "Priscian (active approximately 500-530)",
                "Priscian",
                "Prosper (approximately 390-approximately 463)",
                "Prosper",
                "Prudentius (348-)",
                "Romulus.",
                "Symphosius, Caelius Firmianus.",
                "Symphosius",
                "Victorinus, Marius."
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "Manuscripts (documents)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Country",
            "value": {
                "@value": "France",
                "@language": "eng"
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "Language",
            "value": {
                "@value": "Latin",
                "@language": "eng"
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "Extent",
            "value": "electronic resource"
        },
        {
            "label": "Content",
            "value": [
                "(If necessary bifolia have been indicated by ˄).",
                "-- Booklet I contains: (f. 1r-v) **Historical notes by Bernard Itier (1163-1225).",
                "--- Booklet II contains: (ff. 2r-4r) Drawings (scenes from New Testament; Psychomachia). - (f. 4v/1-7) Introductory letter to Aesop’s fables / ‘Romulus’. - (f. 4v/7-45) Versus in laude S. Benedicti = Historia Langobardorum / Paul the Deacon. Excerpt from book 1 – (f. 4v/45-47) Sententiae septem sapientium. Excerpt based on Ludus septem sapientium / Ausonius. - (ff. 4v/47-5v/36) Aenigmata / Caelius Firmiatus Symphosius. - (f. 5v/37-45) Aenigmata. Anonymous. - (ff. 5v/45-8r/18) Fabulae / Avianus. - (f. 6v margin) Neumes. - (f. 8r/18-23) De laboribus Herculis / Ausonius. - (ff. 8r/23-10r/8) De martyrio Maccabaeorum / Pseudo-Hilary of Poitiers. - (f. 10r/8-33) Carmen de ponderibus et mensuris / Remmius Flavianus. - (ff. 10v/34-11v) Periegesis / Priscian. Incomplete.",
                "--- Booklet III contains: (f. 12r-v/24) **Praefatio in arte Donati. - (f. 13r) **Ars minor / Aelius Donatus. Fragment. - (f. 12r/3 margin) Scholica Graecarum glossarum (continuation of f. 107r). - (f. 12r margin) Glossae miscellaneae. - (f. 12r-v margin) Charms, recipes. - (ff. 12v margin, 13r margin, 13v) Glossae biblicae.",
                "--- Booklet IV contains: (ff. 14r-15r) **Glossary: Haec quicumque legis. Fragment. - (ff. 15v-19v) Glossae biblicae (continuation).",
                "--- Booklet V contains: (f. 20r) De sancto Benedicto abbate / Odo of Cluny. Fragment of sermon 3. – (ff. 20v-21r) Martyrologium / Pseudo-Bede the Venerable. - (f. 21v/1-28) Conflictus veris et hiemis / Pseudo-Alcuin of York. - (f. 21v/29 ˄ 30r/29) Epitaphia Virgilii. - (f. 30r/30-32) Versus scottorum. - (ff. 21v ˄ 30r margins) Tonalities. - (ff. 21v ˄ 30r) De artibus ac disciplinis liberalium litterarum / Cassiodorus. Fragment. - (f. 30r margin) Temporal adjuncts (quando ‒ ante). - (f. 30v/1-12) De est et non / Pseudo-Priscian (Ausonius). - (ff. 30v/13-31v) In principio (Liber Alchandreus).",
                "--- Booklet VI contains: (f. 22r) Glossae biblicae (continuation). - (ff. 22v-29r/17) **Glossary: Haec quicumque legis. Final version including Old High German glosses. - (ff. 29r/18-29v) Glossae biblicae (conclusion).",
                "--- Booklet VII contains: (ff. 32r-32v In principio (Liber Alchandreus) conclusion. - (f. 32v pars inf.) Recipes and charms. - (ff. 33r-35r) **De mysterio Trinitatis et Incarnationis / Augustine of Hippo. Fragment of sermon 245. - (f. 36r) **Monte Libano. Fragment of a responsory (in a later hand).",
                "--- Booklet VIII contains: (ff. 37r-43r) Drawings (Psychomachia). - (f. 43v) Drawings (biblical, liturgical drama?). - (ff. 43v-44r) Meander decoration (drawing). - (f. 44r) Carmen in Christi honorem. Anonymous. - (f. 44v/1-8) Carmen XXV / Publilius Optatianus Porphyrius. - (f. 44v) Index operum Prudentii. - (f. 44v) Diagram with the four winds (Greek-Latin). - (ff. 45r-60v) Psychomachia / Prudentius. - (ff. 61r-62r/19) Versus de spera caeli. - (f. 62r/21-30) De signis caeli / Priscian. - (f. 62v) Disticha Catonis / Pseudo-Cato. Prologue.",
                "--- Booklet IX contains: (ff. 63r-79v/28) Expositio apocalypseos / Bede the Venerable. Incomplete. - (ff. 79v/29-82v/7) Expositio in Cantica Canticorum. Anonymous.",
                "-- Booklet X contains: (ff. 83r-104r/21) **Epigrammata ex sententiis S. Augustini / Prosper of Aquitaine. - (ff. 104r/22-106r) **Carmen ad uxorem / Pseudo-Prosper of Aquitaine or Pseudo-Paulinus of Nola.",
                "--- Booklet XI contains: (f. 107r) Etymologiae / Isidore of Seville. Excerpt (II, 29). - (f. 107r margin) Scholica Graecarum glossarum (to be continued on f. 12r). - (ff. 107v-112v/5) **Praeexercitamina / Priscian. With Tironian notes. - (ff. 112v/5-114v) **De figuris numerorum / Priscian. Incomplete, with Tironian notes.",
                "--- Booklet XII contains: (ff. 115r-147v/7) Etymologiae / Isidorus of Seville. With Tironian notes. - (ff. 135v-136r margin) Neumes. - (ff. 138v-144r margin) Excerpts from charters of Saint-Cybard Abbey, Angoulême. - (f. 141v) **Ex libris Saint-Martial Abbey, Limoges. - (f. 147v/7-12) Colour recipes. - (ff. 147v/12-148r/9) De scholis artium in Gallia / Gauzbertus. Genealogy of grammarians. - (ff. 148r/9-153v/31) Aenigmata / Aldhelm. - (ff. 153v/31-154v) De metris et enigmatibus ac pedum (De septenario) / Aldhelm.",
                "-- Booklet XIII contains: (ff. 155r-188r/17) De astronomia / Gaius Julius Hyginus. - (f. 185v margin) Hymn with neumes (Sacerdotes dei). - (f. 187r margin) Historical notes on Godefridus’ appointment as the archbishop of Bordeaux and the third translation of St. Martial (1028). - (ff. 188r/20-190r/3) De natura rerum / Bede the Venerable. Chapters 14-17; with excerpts from (revised) Aratus Latinus and Scholia Strozziana. - (f. 190r/6) De astrologia Arati. Excerpt (one line). - (f. 190r) **List of houses belonging to Saint-Martial Abbey in Limoges / Bernard Itier. - (f. 190v) blank. - (ff. 191v-192r) Computus: texts and tables. - (f. 192r-193r) Lunaria, Revelatio Esdrae. - (ff. 193v-194r) Cycli decemnovenales, 1007-1063. - (f. 193v margin) Episcopal list of Limoges: Marcialis – Geraldus. - (f. 194r margin) Neumes. - (f. 194v) Episcopal list of Tours: Gatianus – Arnulfus.",
                "--- Booklet XIV contains: (ff. 195r-203v) Fabulae / Phaedrus/Romulus. Compilation; with Tironian notes. - (ff. 203v-210r) Propositiones ad acuendos iuvenes / Alcuin of York (?). - (f. 206r ) Marriage charter. - (f. 210v) Marriage charter. - (f. 210v) Cufic lettering. - (f. 211r-v) Drawings (drafts). - (f. 212r) Mensurae crucifixi. - (f. 212v) **Note on book theft (14th cent.): “Raymundus de Begonac me furatus fuit”; drawings (?)."
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Note",
            "value": [
                "The present 14 booklets of this manuscript are composed of 27 quires in which Ademar of Chabannes (989-1034) copied texts and drawings for use in school during the years c. 1010-1033. Originally Ademar bound these quires separately and provisionally with tackets. After Ademar’s death the quires were kept in St. Martial Abbey, Limoges, where he had spent the final years of his life. Testimony of this in the Ex libris note on f. 141v: “Hic est liber sanctissimi domni nostri MARCIALIS Lemovicensis ex libris bonae memoriae ademari Grammatici; Nam postquam idem [erased] multos annos peregit in domini servicio. ac simul in monachico ordine in eiusdem patris coenobio, profecturus hierosolymam ad sepulchrum domini nec inde reversurus multos libros in quibus sudaverat eidem suo pastori ac nutritori reliquid ex quibus hic est unus”. Eventually Bernard Itier, librarian of Saint-Martial, collected the assembled quires in one volume c. 1220. - On this manuscript see especially Van Els 2011, Van Els 2015 (edition) and Van Els 2020.",
                "The writing dates from Ademar’s active years in Angoulême and Limoges (c. 1010-1033). More exact dating is difficult. Sometimes a post quem dating is possible (e.g. the description of the third translation of St. Martial in 1028) or a relative dating (the Expositio apocalypseos in VLO 15 is an adaptation of the Expositio apocalypseos in Berlin, SB, Phillipps 1664, which dates from c. 1029). Easter table (f. 193v-194r) for the years 1026-1063. List of Limoges bishops begun in the hand of Ademar, and continued by another hand after the name of bishop Jordanus (1020-1052). List of Tours bishops (f. 194v) has as last name bishop Arnulfus who succeeded Hugues I (died May 1023).",
                "Script: Nearly all texts and drawings are in Ademar’s hand; other hands are indicated in Contents with **. - Flyleaf (f. 1r) contains the hand of Bernard Itier, librarian of Saint-Martial, Limoges: “Anno gracie MCCXXI mense Augusto insurrexerunt milites lemovicenses pagi contra guidonem ...” (1221).",
                "Foliation: In the old one-volume binding (since 1220) the present independent booklet VI was placed in the opening ff. 21v˄30r (a bifolium). Despite the new situation the old foliation of booklet VI, ff. 22-29, is still in use.",
                "Binding: Post-medieval binding. - In 1900 the one-volume codex of Bernard Itier has been divided into fourteen booklets: I (f. 1), II (ff. 2-11), III (ff. 12-13), IV (ff. 14-19), V (20-21, 30-31), VI (ff. 22-29), VII (ff. 32-36), VIII (ff. 37-62), IX (ff. 63-82), X (ff. 83-106), XI (ff. 107-114), XII (ff. 115-154), XIII (155-194), XIV (195-212). - Each part rebound in half leather.",
                "Textual: Contents mainly based on Van Els 2020, appendix 4 (which also marks texts and drawings in Ademar’s hand with asterisks). All texts edited by Van Els 2015.",
                "Description (Bouwman 2023): http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:3619870",
                "Description (Van Els 2015): https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/306223",
                "Description (Senguerdius & 1716): http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:290399",
                "Description (Catalogus compendiarius 1932): http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:491294",
                "Description (Codices Vossiani Latini Online - Brill): http://doi.org/10.1163/9789004264243_O_015",
                "Description (De Meyier 1977): http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:122297",
                "Also described by MMDC, Handschriftencensus, Jonas and A.W. Byvanckgenootschap (database RKD, The Hague)."
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (temporal)",
            "value": "Middle Ages"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (temporal)",
            "value": "11th century"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "Reading culture"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "Reading culture (monastic)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "artes (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "bible (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "historiography (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "literature (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "religious texts (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Subject (topical)",
            "value": "preaching (MMDC)"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Alexander 1992 = J.J.G. Alexander, Medieval illuminators and their methods of work. New Haven 1992,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Ballaira 1982 = G. Ballaira, Per il catalogo dei codici di Prisciano. Torino 1982."
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Baragli 2002 = S. Baragli, Costruire nel Medioevo. Da Lanfranco al Campiones. Modena 2002,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Barrière & 1995 = B. Barrière & al., Splendeurs de St-Martial de Limogs au temps d'Adémar de Chabannes. Limoges 1995,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Bergmann & 2005 = R. Bergmann & S. Stricker (eds.), Katalog der althochdeutschen und altsächsischen Glossenhandschriften. Vol. 2 (Berlin/New York 2005),"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Bertini & 1988 = F. Bertini & P. Gatti (eds.), Ademaro di Chabannes. Favole. [Genova] 1988."
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Bethe 1893 = E. Bethe, 'Aratillustrationen'. In: Rheinisches Museum für Philologie N.F. 48(1893), p. 91-109,"
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        {
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            "value": "Bischoff 1971 = B. Bischoff, 'Die Überlieferung der technischen Literatur'. In: G.B. Pellegrini & al. (eds.), Artigianato et tecnica nella società dell'alto medioevo occidentale. Spoleto 1971, vol. 1, p. 267-296,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Bischoff 1984 = B. Bischoff (ed.), Anecdota novissima. Texte des vierten bis sechzehnten Jahrhunderts. Stuttgart 1984,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Blume & 2012 = D. Blume & al. (eds.), Sternbilder des Mittelalters. Der gemalte Himmel zwischen Wissenschaft und Phantasie. Berlin 2012. 2 vols.,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Blumenkranz 1966 = B. Blumenkranz, 'Géographie historique d'un thème de l'iconographie religieuse: les représentations de Synagoga en France'. In: P. Gallais et Y.-J. Riou (eds.), Mélanges offerts à René Crozet. Poitiers 1966, vol. II, p. 1141-1157,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Bolton 2010 = T. Bolton, An Illustrated Twelfth-Century Manuscript of Hyginuss De Astronomia'. In: J.H. Marrow & al. (eds.), The medieval book. Glosses from friends & colleagues of Christopher de Hamel. 't Goy [etc.] 2010, p. 25-37,"
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        {
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            "value": "Borst 2006 = A. Borst, Schriften zur Komputistik im Frankenreich von 721 bis 818. Hannover 2006. 3 vols,"
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        {
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            "value": "Bouwman 2023 = A. Bouwman, Inventory of western medieval manuscripts held by Leiden University Libraries. Leiden 2023"
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            "value": "Bremmer 1991 = R. Bremmer, Oudgermaans in handschrift. [Exhib.cat. UB]. [Leiden] 1991."
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Breugelmans 1987 = R. Breugelmans (ed.), Goed gezien. Tien eeuwen wetenschap in handschrift en druk. [Exhib. cat.]. Leiden 1987,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Budny 1997 = M. Budny, Insular, Anglo-saxon, and early Anglo-Norman manuscript art at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Cambridge 1997."
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Byvanck 1931 = A.W. Byvanck, Les principaux manuscrits à peintures conservés dans les collections publiques du Royaume des Pays-Bas. Paris 1931,"
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            "value": "Byvanck 1939 = A.W. Byvanck, 'Die antike Buchmalerei und ihre Bedeutung für die Archäologie'. In: Bericht über den 6. internationalen Kongress für Archäologie. 1939, p. 610-61,"
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            "value": "Byvanck 1949 = A.W. Byvanck, 'De platen in de Aratea van Hugo de Groot'. In: Mededelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, afd. Letterkunde, nieuwe reeks, deel 12, no. 2 (1949), p. 1-67 (169-235,"
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            "value": "Cames 1971 = G. Cames, Allégories et symboles dans l'Hortus Deliciarum. Leiden 1971,"
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            "value": "Catalogus compendiarius 1932 = [H.P. Blok,] Catalogus compendiarius continens codices omnes manuscriptos qui in Bibliotheca Academiae Lugduno-Batavae asservantur. Vol. 1 (Leiden 1932),"
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            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Contreni 1978 = J.J. Contreni, The cathedral school of Laon from 850 to 930. Its manuscripts and masters. München 1978."
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            "value": "Davis-Weyer 1994 = C. Davis-Weyer, 'Speaking of art in the early Middle Ages: patrons and artists among themselves'. In: Settimane di Studio del centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo 41.2 (1994), p. 955-99,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Denoël 2024 = Ch. Denoël, ‘Adémar of Chabannes’ Biblical Drawings in Notebook Leiden VLO 15: From the Mystery of Incarnation to Liturgical Drama’. In S. Panayotova & al. (eds.), Tributes to Elly Miller. Opening Manuscripts London/Turnhout, 2024), p. 50-65"
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            "value": "De Groot & 1989 = A.J. De Groot & E.C.C. Coppens, Manuscripta canonistica Latina. Elenchus codicum necnon diplomatum iuris canonici ante a. 1600 in bibliothecis ac archivis neerlandicis. Nijmegen 1989,"
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            "value": "De Meyier 1977 = K.A. de Meyier, Codices Vossiani Latini. Vorl. 3. Codices in Octavo (Leiden 1977,"
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            "value": "Duchesne 1910 = L. Duchesne, Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule. Vol. 2. L'Aquitaine et les Lyonnaises (Paris 1910),"
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            "value": "Duits 2005 = R. Duits, 'Celestial transmissions. An iconographical classification of constellation cycles in manuscripts (8th-15th centuries)'. In: Scriptorium 59 (2005), p. 147-202,"
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        {
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            "value": "Dumon 2004 = P. Dumon, 'Islam et Occident. À propos de la marque typographique de Arend de Keysere'. In: C. Coppens & al. (eds.), E codicibus impressisque. Opstellen over het boek in de Lage Landen voor Elly Cockx-Indestege. Vol. 1 (Leuven 2004), p. 269-289,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Dwyer 1978 = E.J. Dwyer, '\"The Fowler and the Asp\". Literary versus generic illustration in Roman art'. In: American journal of Archeology 82 (1978), p. 400-404,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Ernst 1991 = U. Ernst, Carmen figuratum. Geschichte des Figurengedichte von den antiken Ursprüngen bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters. Köln [etc.] 1991,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Fitzgerald 1992 = W. Fitzgerald, Ocelli nominum. Names and shelf marks of famous / familiar manuscripts. Toronto 1992,"
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        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Folkerts 1978 = M. Folkerts (ed.), Die älteste mathematische Aufgabensammlung in lateinischen Sprache. Die Alkuin zugeschriebenen Propositiones a acuendos iuvenes. Wien 1978,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Gaborit-Chopin 1967 = D. Gaborit-Chopin, 'Les dessins d'Adémar de Chabannes'. In: Bulletin Archéologique du comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques' n.s. 3 (1967,"
        },
        {
            "label": "Reference",
            "value": "Gaborit-Chopin 1969 = D. Gaborit-Chopin, La décoration des manuscrits à Saint-Martial de Limoges et en Limousin du IXe au XIIe siècles. Paris 1969."
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        {
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        },
        {
            "label": "Shelfmark",
            "value": "VLO 15"
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            "value": "http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:1951422"
        }
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